This Gothic manuscript is a Confessionale written on paper in Florence, Italy, circa 1500 CE. The original binding consists of sewing on three tawed, slit straps, laced through tunnels in the edges of wooden boards into rectangular channels on their outer face. Twisted, tawed cores of plain, wound endbands are laid in grooves. All supports pegged and filled in, possibly with gypsum. Beinecke Library, MS 4 (Yale University, New Haven , CT). Use of image permitted for academic purposes.